Useful Commands/Service Management: Difference between revisions

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== CentOS 7.x / Ubuntu 16.04 ==
== systemctl ==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! 情境 || 指令
! Purpose || Command
|-
|-
| 列舉系統服務 ||
| Monitor ||
<source lang="bash">
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
systemctl -t service           # 省略式
journalctl -u llama-swap -n 10 -f
systemctl list-units -t service # 完整式
 
</source>
journalctl -u llama-swap --since "10:20"
journalctl -u llama-swap --since "10 minutes ago"
journalctl -u llama-swap --since today
 
systemctl status llama-swap
</syntaxhighlight>
|-
| Setup ||
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
sudo systemctl disable llama-swap
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
 
sudo ln -s /home/xxx/yyy/llama-swap.service llama.service
sudo systemctl enable llama-swap
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
</syntaxhighlight>
|-
|-
| 服務操作 ||
| Control ||
<source lang="bash">
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
systemctl status nginx
systemctl start  nginx
systemctl start  nginx
systemctl stop  nginx
systemctl stop  nginx
systemctl reload nginx
systemctl reload nginx
systemctl disable mysql.service
systemctl reload systemd-networkd
</source>
</syntaxhighlight>
|-
| List ||
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
systemctl -t service
</syntaxhighlight>
|}
|}


== Linux 傳統 ==
== Run Level ==
{| class="wikitable"
! 情境 || 指令
|-
| 管理系統服務 || <source lang="bash">sudo service start/stop/reload/restart {服務名稱}</source>
|-
| 顯示服務狀態 || <source lang="bash">service --status-all</source>
|-
| 顯示服務 (啟動/關閉) 時機 (runlevel 0~6) || <source lang="bash">chkconfig --list</source>
|-
| 設定服務在開機後自動啟動 || <source lang="bash">sudo chkconfig --level 2345 {服務名稱} on</source>
|}


== Run Level 說明 ==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! runlevel || 英文說明 || 中文說明
! Target || ! Description
|-
| 0 || halt || 系統關機
|-
|-
| 1 || single user mode || 單人模式，用在系統出問題時的維護
| multi-user.target || Multi-user mode (CLI) (Equivalent to Runlevel 3)
|-
|-
| 2 || Multi-user, without NFS || 類似 runlevel 3，但無 NFS 服務
| graphical.target || Graphical mode (GUI) (Equivalent to Runlevel 5)
|-
|-
| 3 || Full multi-user mode || 完整含有網路功能的純文字模式
| rescue.target || Rescue mode (Equivalent to Runlevel 1)
|-
|-
| 4 || unused || 保留
| emergency.target || Emergency mode (Equivalent to Runlevel 0)
|-
|-
| 5 || X11 || 類似 runlevel 3，有使用 X Window
| reboot.target || Reboot
|-
|-
| 6 || reboot || 重新開機
| poweroff.target || Power off
|}
|}

Latest revision as of 02:48, 10 September 2026

systemctl

Purpose Command
Monitor 
journalctl -u llama-swap -n 10 -f

journalctl -u llama-swap --since "10:20"
journalctl -u llama-swap --since "10 minutes ago"
journalctl -u llama-swap --since today

systemctl status llama-swap
Setup 
sudo systemctl disable llama-swap
sudo systemctl daemon-reload

sudo ln -s /home/xxx/yyy/llama-swap.service llama.service
sudo systemctl enable llama-swap
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
Control 
systemctl start  nginx
systemctl stop   nginx
systemctl reload nginx
systemctl reload systemd-networkd
List 
systemctl -t service

Run Level

Target ! Description
multi-user.target Multi-user mode (CLI) (Equivalent to Runlevel 3)
graphical.target Graphical mode (GUI) (Equivalent to Runlevel 5)
rescue.target Rescue mode (Equivalent to Runlevel 1)
emergency.target Emergency mode (Equivalent to Runlevel 0)
reboot.target Reboot
poweroff.target Power off
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