2026-09-17T01:54:29Z

Tacoball:

https://www.opencli.com/linux/ip-command

{| class="wikitable"
! 🎯 Purpose || ⌨️ Command
|-
| Which service bound tcp port?
| <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
sudo netstat -tunlp
sudo netstat -tnlp | grep :22
sudo ss -tunlp
sudo lsof -nP -iTCP -sTCP:LISTEN
</syntaxhighlight>
|-
| 顯示執行中的網路服務
| <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
# List listening tcp ports and what program used.
lsof -i -P | grep -i "listen"

# OSX, FreeBSD 專用
netstat -anf inet | grep 'LISTEN' # 只看 ipv4
netstat -anf inet6 | grep 'LISTEN' # 只看 ipv6
netstat -anf inet | grep '127\..*LISTEN' # 只看 ipv4 本地服務
netstat -anf inet | grep '\*\.[0-9].*LISTEN' # 只看 ipv4 開放服務
netstat -anf inet | grep '127\..*LISTEN' | sort -t. -nk5 # 只看 ipv4 本地服務, 依 port 排序
netstat -anf inet | grep '\*\.[0-9].*LISTEN' | sort -t. -nk2 # 只看 ipv4 開放服務, 依 port 排序
netstat -anf inet -p udp | awk '{ print $4 }' | grep '[0-9]$' # List udp4 services

sudo ss -lntp

# Linux 專用 (參數 t 只看 TCP)
ss -lnt4
netstat -lnt4 # 只看 ipv4
netstat -lnt6 # 只看 ipv6
netstat -lnt4 | grep '127\.' | sort -t: -nk2 # 只看 ipv4 本地服務, 依 port 排序
netstat -lnt4 | grep '0:[^*]' | sort -t: -nk2 # 只看 ipv4 開放服務, 依 port 排序

# Busybox 專用 (不支援 -4 -6 參數)
netstat -lnt | grep '127\.' | sort -t: -nk2 # 只看 ipv4 本地服務, 依 port 排序
netstat -lnt | grep '0:[^*]' | sort -t: -nk2 # 只看 ipv4 開放服務, 依 port 排序

# 通用
netstat -an | grep 'LISTEN\s*$'
</syntaxhighlight>
|-
| 取得 HTTP 回應代碼
| <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
curl -s -w '%{http_code}\n' -o /dev/null <URL>
wget --server-response --spider <URL> 2>&1 | awk '/^ HTTP/{print $2}'
</syntaxhighlight>
|-
| 執行遠端的 Shell Script
| <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
curl -s <URL> | bash
wget -qO- <URL> | bash
</syntaxhighlight>
|-
| 下載檔案，由伺服器命名
| <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
curl -sOJ <URL>
wget --trust-server-names <URL>
</syntaxhighlight>
|-
| 片段下載 Server 應該回傳代碼 206 (wget 不支援)
| <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
# 簡易用法
curl -r 0-99 -X HEAD -I <URL> # 檢查 response header
curl -r 0-99 -s <URL> # 直接輸出片段內文
curl -r 0-99 -sO <URL> # 輸出到檔案，使用 <URL> 結尾命名
curl -r 0-99 -sOJ <URL> # 輸出到檔案，使用 Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=... 命名
curl -r 0-99 -o part1.bin -s <URL> # 輸出到檔案，自己命名

# 檢查往來 header
curl -r 0-99 -X HEAD -svI <URL> 2>&1 | grep '^[<>]'

# 檢查是否支援片段下載 (只取 header 不取 body)
# * 206: 支援
# * 200: 不支援
curl -r 0-99 -X HEAD -w '%{http_code}\n' -o /dev/null -sI <URL>
</syntaxhighlight>
|-
| 取 HTTP Header (如：確認 Last-Modified)
|
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
curl -I http://data.openstreetmapdata.com/land-polygons-split-4326.zip
wget -qS --spider http://data.openstreetmapdata.com/land-polygons-split-4326.zip
</syntaxhighlight>
|-
| 壓力測試
| <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
ulimit -n 10000; ab -c 500 -n 1000 <URL>
</syntaxhighlight>
|-
| LDAP 簡易搜尋
| <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
ldapsearch \
-H ldap://<host> \
-D '<user>' \
-w '<password>' \
-b '<basedn>' \
'(objectClass=*)'
</syntaxhighlight>
|-
| sendmail 打信
|
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
sendmail -Am -f"<123@123.com>" "<haha@softnext.com.tw>" < /home/adm/151103/mail20151103060502002.eml
</syntaxhighlight>
|-
| 顯示遠端 samba 檔案
|
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
smbclient -U smail%123 //192.168.90.154/smail -c 'dir'
</syntaxhighlight>
|}

Useful Commands

2026-09-17T01:53:55Z

Tacoball: /* Trouble shooting */

= Overview =

{| class="wikitable"
! style="width:200px;" | 🌐 Networking
! style="width:200px;" | 💻 OS
! style="width:200px;" | 🛠️ Hardware
|-
| valign="top" |
* [[Useful Commands/Networking|Networking]]
* [[Useful Commands/Security|Security]]: ssh, socat
| valign="top" |
* [[Useful Commands/Service Management|Service Management]]
* [[Useful Commands/System Management|System Management]]
* [[Useful Commands/System Status|System Status]]
* [[Useful Commands/Windows only|Windows only]]
* [[Useful Commands/MacOS only|MacOS only]]
| valign="top" |
* [[Useful Commands/Hardware|Hardware]]
|-
! 📦 Packages
! 📁 File System
! 📊 Data
|-
| valign="top" |
* [[Useful Commands/Package Management|Package Management]]
* [[Useful Commands/Package Compilation|Package Compilation]]
| valign="top" |
* [[Git]]
* [[Useful Commands/File Processing|File Processing]]
* [[Useful Commands/Compression|Compression]]
* [[Useful Commands/Remote File Access|Remote File Access]]
* [[Useful Commands/Low Level IO|Low Level IO]]
| valign="top" |
* [[Useful Commands/Text Processing|Text Processing]]
* [[Useful Commands/Date & Time|Date & Time]]
* [[Useful Commands/Arithmetic|Arithmetic]]
|}

= Trouble shooting =

{| class="wikitable"
! 🎯 Purpose || ⌨️ Command
|-
| Verify $PATH by line. ||
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
echo $PATH | tr ':' '\n'
echo $PATH | tr ':' '\n' | grep 'snap'
</syntaxhighlight>
|}

Useful Commands

2026-09-17T01:53:16Z

Tacoball: /* Trouble shooting */

= Overview =

{| class="wikitable"
! style="width:200px;" | 🌐 Networking
! style="width:200px;" | 💻 OS
! style="width:200px;" | 🛠️ Hardware
|-
| valign="top" |
* [[Useful Commands/Networking|Networking]]
* [[Useful Commands/Security|Security]]: ssh, socat
| valign="top" |
* [[Useful Commands/Service Management|Service Management]]
* [[Useful Commands/System Management|System Management]]
* [[Useful Commands/System Status|System Status]]
* [[Useful Commands/Windows only|Windows only]]
* [[Useful Commands/MacOS only|MacOS only]]
| valign="top" |
* [[Useful Commands/Hardware|Hardware]]
|-
! 📦 Packages
! 📁 File System
! 📊 Data
|-
| valign="top" |
* [[Useful Commands/Package Management|Package Management]]
* [[Useful Commands/Package Compilation|Package Compilation]]
| valign="top" |
* [[Git]]
* [[Useful Commands/File Processing|File Processing]]
* [[Useful Commands/Compression|Compression]]
* [[Useful Commands/Remote File Access|Remote File Access]]
* [[Useful Commands/Low Level IO|Low Level IO]]
| valign="top" |
* [[Useful Commands/Text Processing|Text Processing]]
* [[Useful Commands/Date & Time|Date & Time]]
* [[Useful Commands/Arithmetic|Arithmetic]]
|}

= Trouble shooting =

{| class="wikitable"
! 🎯 Purpose | ⌨️ Command
|-
| Verify $PATH by line. |
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
echo $PATH | tr ':' '\n'
echo $PATH | tr ':' '\n' | grep 'snap'
</syntaxhighlight>
|}